It is not uncommon for X-rays and MRI to be confused with one another. Although they are both imaging techniques used for visualising the inside of the body, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and X-rays are in fact very different in both the way that they work and what they are used for.
What is an MRI?
As the name implies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a medical imaging technique that makes use of powerful magnetic fields, gradients, and radio waves to create detailed, cross-sectional images of your organs and tissues.
MRIs are typically conducted by a radiologist or a radiology technologist who will also interpret the images to diagnose any conditions.
In an MRI machine, the magnetic field aligns the hydrogen atoms in your body which are then disrupted by radio waves. As the atoms return to their original state, they release energy that is converted into a readable image by the computer.
What is an X-Ray?
X-rays are a type of high-energy electromagnetic radiation that create images of the inside of your body. These electromagnetic rays pass through your body, denser materials such as bone absorb majority of the radiation which is why they appear white.
Soft tissue like your organs and muscles absorb less, hence their grey appearance with air absorbing the least which is why it appears black.
X-rays are very rarely used when it comes to soft-tissue related conditions since it is harder to clearly identify what the diagnosis could be.
Best Application for MRI Scans
MRI is a phenomenal tool for soft tissue applications. Common use cases include identifying brain tumours, determining the extent of spinal cord injuries, spotting joint problems, diagnosing heart disease, and detecting blood vessel abnormalities. MRI is a good alternative for certain applications since it does not make use of ionizing radiation like X-rays, making repeated scans safer and easier.
Here are three noteworthy applications of MRI:
- Orthopedics
- Oncology
- Brain and Nervous System
When diagnosing conditions as brain tumours, stroke, spinal cord injuries, and multiple sclerosis, MRI is incredibly valuable. Thanks to its ability to generate and provide detailed images of soft tissue, it is excellent for examining organs such as the brain.
Best Application for X-Rays
Since their discovery in December 1985 by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, x-rays have most commonly been used for diagnosing broken bones or fractures. Other applications for x-rays include:
- Detecting lung problems such as pneumonia
- Finding and identifying foreign objects
- Examining teeth
- Screening for certain types of cancer such as breast cancer
Why Would You Need an X-Ray?
There are a variety of reasons as to why your doctor might prescribe an x-ray. Some of the most common reasons include bone fractures, dislocations, arthritis, or osteoporosis.
You may also need an x-ray to examine organs when it comes to lung or heart conditions. A dentist may also request an x-ray to get a closer look at your teeth and jawbones.
Why Would You Need an MRI?
MRI is the go-to tool for soft-tissue examination. From tumours and blood clots to infections and stroke, MRI can also be used to identify torn ligaments or cartilage, dislocated joints or even bone infections.
Cases Where Both MRI and X-Rays Are Used
While these tools serve different purposes, there may be a few instances where both can be used to help with a more comprehensive diagnosis. A few examples include:
1. Spine Conditions
In this case, an x-ray would be used to evaluate the overall structure of your spine. The MRI would help visualise intervertebral discs, the spinal cord, and surrounding tissue.
2. Complex Fractures
An initial x-ray would identify the location of the break with a follow up MRI to assess any potential soft tissue damage or ligament tears.
3. Tumours
Tumours may cause bone erosion or calcification, an x-ray could identify this with an MRI to assess the size, location, and extent of the tumour itself.
4. Infections
An MRI would be used to identify any soft tissue inflammation and spread of the infection with an x-ray helping to assess any bone involvement or abscess formation.
5. Joint Problems
In this case, an x-ray can be used to assess the alignment of your bones or arthritis. The MRI would help evaluate cartilage, ligaments, tendons, or soft tissue inflammation.
Despite X-rays and MRI both being imaging techniques, their applications are actually quite different! As always, its best to consult your physician for any medical advice or applicable treatment.
At Bergman Ross, our continual aim is to provide a radiological service of the highest standard. Particular attention is given to making accurate diagnosis for our referring doctors, maximising patient care, and minimising wait times. If you are looking for an X-ray or MRI, you can visit any of our Bergman Ross & Partner branches or book an appointment here.